NCERT Solution Class 8 Science Chapter 2 - Microorganisms: Friend and Foe

Orchid International School is pleased to offer NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 2, titled "Microorganisms: Friend and Foe." These solutions are a valuable resource for students, aiding them in effectively addressing the exercise questions found in the NCERT Class 8 textbook. Our NCERT Solutions provide comprehensive answers to all exercise questions, covering various question types, including fill in the blanks, match the following, true or false, and descriptive questions from Chapter 2 of the NCERT Class 8 textbook.

Download PDF For NCERT Solutions for Science Microorganisms: Friend and Foe

The NCERT Solution Class 8 Science Chapter 2 - Microorganisms: Friend and Foe are tailored to help the students master the concepts that are key to success in their classrooms. The solutions given in the PDF are developed by experts and correlate with the CBSE syllabus of 2023-2024. These solutions provide thorough explanations with a step-by-step approach to solving problems. Students can easily get a hold of the subject and learn the basics with a deeper understanding. Additionally, they can practice better, be confident, and perform well in their examinations with the support of this PDF.

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Access Answers to NCERT Solution Class 8 Science Chapter 2 - Microorganisms: Friend and Foe

Students can access the NCERT Solution Class 8 Science Chapter 2 - Microorganisms: Friend and Foe. Curated by experts according to the CBSE syllabus for 2023–2024, these step-by-step solutions make Science much easier to understand and learn for the students. These solutions can be used in practice by students to attain skills in solving problems, reinforce important learning objectives, and be well-prepared for tests.

Microorganisms: Friend and Foe

Question 1 :

Name the microorganisms which can fix atmospheric nitrogen in the soil.

Answer :

Rhizobium


Question 2 :

 Fill in the blanks.

(a) Microorganisms can be seen with the help of a ____________.

(b) Blue-green algae fix __________ directly from the air and enhance the fertility of the soil.

(c) Alcohol is produced with the help of __________.

(d) Cholera is caused by __________.

 

Answer :

a) Microscope

b) Nitrogen

c) Yeast

d) Bacteria- Vibrio cholera

 


Question 3 :

Tick the correct answer.

 

(a) Yeast is used in the production of

 

(i) sugar (ii) alcohol (iii) hydrochloric acid (iv) oxygen

 

(b) The following is an antibiotic

 

(i) Sodium bicarbonate (ii) Streptomycin (iii) Alcohol (iv) Yeast

 

(c) Carrier of malaria-causing protozoan is

 

(i) female Anopheles mosquito (ii) cockroach (iii) housefly (iv) butterfly

 

(d) The most common carrier of communicable diseases is

 

(i) ant (ii) housefly (iii) dragonfly (iv) spider

 

(e) The bread or idli dough rises because of

 

(i) heat (ii) grinding (iii) growth of yeast cells (iv) kneading

 

(f) The process of conversion of sugar into alcohol is called

 

(i) nitrogen fixation (ii) moulding (iii) fermentation (iv) infection

 

Answer :

a) (ii) alcohol

 

b) (ii) Streptomycin

 

c) (i) female Anopheles mosquito

 

d) (ii) housefly

 

e) (iii) growth of yeast cells

 

f) (iii) fermentation

 


Question 4 :

 Match the organisms in Column A with their action in Column B.

A

B

(i) Bacteria

(a) Fixing nitrogen

(ii) Rhizobium

(b) Setting of curd

(iii) Lactobacillus

(c) Baking of bread

(iv) Yeast

(d) Causing malaria

(v) A protozoan

(e) Causing cholera

(vi) A virus

(f) Causing AIDS

 

(g) Producing antibodies

 

Answer :

 

A

B

(i) Bacteria

(e) Causing cholera

(ii) Rhizobium

(a) Fixing nitrogen

(iii) Lactobacillus

(b) Setting of curd

(iv) Yeast

(c) Baking of bread

(v) A protozoan

(d) Causing malaria

(vi) A virus

(f) Causing AIDS

 


Question 5 :

 Can microorganisms be seen with the naked eye? If not, how can they be seen?

 

Answer :

Microorganisms cannot be seen by the naked eye because they are very small. They can be seen by using a microscope.

 


Question 6 :

What are the major groups of microorganisms?

Answer :

The major groups of microorganisms are as follows:

  1. Bacteria

  2. Fungi

  3. Protozoans

  4. Algae

  5. Viruses

 


Question 7 :

 Write 10 lines on the usefulness of microorganisms in our lives.

 

Answer :

The uses of microorganisms are listed below.

  • They are helpful in cleaning up the environment. For example, organic wastes (vegetable peels, remains of animals, faeces, etc.) are broken down into harmless and usable substances by bacteria.

  • Curd contains several microorganisms. Of these, the bacterium, Lactobacillus promotes the formation of curd. It multiplies in milk and converts it into curd.

  • Bacteria are also involved in the making of cheese, pickles and many other food items.

  • Bacteria and yeast are also helpful for the fermentation of rice idlis and dosa batter.

  • Yeast reproduces rapidly and produces carbon dioxide during respiration. Bubbles of gas fill up the dough and increase its volume. This is the basis of the use of yeast in the baking industry for making bread, pastries and cakes.

  • Microorganisms are used for the large-scale production of alcohol, wine and acetic acid (vinegar).

  • Antibiotics are produced from bacteria and fungi.

  • Microorganisms are helpful in producing vaccines against disease-causing agents.

  • Some bacteria (Fig. 2.7) are able to fix nitrogen from the atmosphere to enrich the soil with nitrogen and increase its fertility.

  • Microorganisms decompose dead organic waste of plants and animals to convert them into simple substances. These substances are again used by other plants and animals. Thus, microorganisms can be used to degrade harmful and smelly substances and thereby clean up the environment.

 


Question 8 :

Write a short paragraph on the harmful effects of microorganisms.

Answer :

Microorganisms cause diseases in plants and animals. For example, Cholera in humans is caused by bacteria called Vibrio cholera. In animals, the virus causes foot and mouth diseases. Microorganisms spoil food by decomposing the food material. Some microorganisms spoil leather and clothes. Microorganisms are also responsible for food poisoning.

 


Question 9 :

 What are antibiotics? What precautions must be taken while taking antibiotics?

 

Answer :

Chemical agents that kill or stop the growth of disease-causing microorganisms are called antibiotics. Antibiotics should be taken only on the advice of a qualified doctor. Also, one must complete the course prescribed by the doctor.

 


Frequently Asked Questions

The NCERT solution for Class 8  Chapter 2 : Microorganisms: Friend and Foe is important as it provides a structured approach to learning, ensuring that students develop a strong understanding of foundational concepts early in their academic journey. By mastering these basics, students can build confidence and readiness for tackling more difficult concepts in their further education. 

Yes, the NCERT solution for Class 8  Chapter 2 : Microorganisms: Friend and Foe is quite useful for students in preparing for their exams. The solutions are simple, clear, and concise allowing students to understand them better. They can solve the practice questions and exercises that allow them to get exam-ready in no time.

You can get all the NCERT solutions for Class 8 Science  Chapter 2  from the official website of the Orchids International School. These solutions are tailored by subject matter experts and are very easy to understand. 

Yes, students must practice all the questions provided in the NCERT solution for Class 8 Science   Chapter 2 : Microorganisms: Friend and Foe as it will help them gain a comprehensive understanding of the concept, identify their weak areas, and strengthen their preparation. 

Students can utilize the NCERT solution for Class 8 Science  Chapter 2  effectively by practicing the solutions regularly. Solve the exercises and practice questions given in the solution.

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